Methodology, Research and Criticism
Este es el título del curso de doctorado que empiezo hoy, con tres estudiantes (contra dos profesores, no está mal la proporción). Con lecturas de lingüística, teoría literaria, filosofía, teoría social, y crítica en general, todas sobre o contra el método. Aquí pongo la lista de lo que iremos viendo en cada sesión con los alumnos. Y digo adiós a doctorados y doctorandos, que para el año que viene no he propuesto curso de doctorado (quién sabe si aún existirán nuestros programas de doctorado, o nuestros estudios filológicos). Y, en el estado actual de la carrera universitaria, ¿a qué kamikaze le interesa hacer una tesis? Con tanta eficacia y calidad y acreditación va a haber muchas víctimas colaterales por el camino. Eso sí, los que salgan por el otro lado de la nueva maquinaria llevarán el marchamo de calidad en la frente. Lo que no está tan claro es que vayan a salir mejor formados. Y es que esto de la calidad no consiste en rellenar impresos ni en acumular programas de subvenciones; eso es formalización o estandarización de la calidad, que, naturalmente, va por otro lado; y muy en concreto en humanidades suele ir contra el método.
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Programa "Estudios Textuales y Culturales en Lengua Inglesa II"
Departamento de Filología Inglesa y Alemana, Universidad de Zaragoza, 2005-6.
curso de doctorado:
Methodology, Research and Criticism
5 créditos.
Profesor responsable: Dr. José Ángel García Landa
(3 créditos)
Profesor invitado EN MARZO: Dr. Ansgar Nünning (Universidad de Giessen, Alemania). (2 créditos).
The course will address the notions of method, knowledge, scientific and critical paradigms, and the social construction of knowledge. A selection of readings will be provided, exemplifying the main tenets of symbolic interactionalism, social constructivism and pragmatism. The metacritical stance will both be assumed and scrutinised, with some of the readings addressing the possibility of metacriticism. Special attention will be paid to the cultural materialist notions of intervention and appropriation in the context of literary studies, and their relationship to more traditional ideas of scholarship, knowledge and criticism.
Syllabus:
1. Method and abstraction. Integrationalism: the example of linguistics.
2. Pragmatism and truth.
3. Symbolic interactionalism: its main tenets. George Herbert Mead, Herbert Blumer.
4. The social construction of reality and of knowledge. Constructivism.
5. T. S. Kuhn’s notion of paradigm. “Normal science” and scientific revolutions.
6. Foucault’s notion of episteme and the order of discourse in the human sciences.
7. Pluralism: the metacritical approach exemplified by Booth.
8. Some paradigm changes: reception theory, deconstruction.
9. Hermeneutics of suspicion and hermeneutics of trust.
10. Cultural materialism,: the notions of intervention and appropriation.
Assessment
The course will develop as a series of seminar sessions in which the students and the instructors will read and comment a selection of readings on these topics. Students are expected to actively participate in the sessions, do their allotted presentations, and write a critical paper.
Reading schedule:
(* not yet included in photocopies)
1. Pragmatics and Integrational linguistics
Thomas, Jenny. Meaning in Interaction: An Introduction to Pragmatics. Harlow: Longman, 1995.
Harris, Roy, and George Wolf, eds. Integrational Linguistics: A First Reader. (Language and Communication Library, 18). Oxford: Elsevier-Pergamon, 1998.*
2. Theory 1900-1950s
James, William. The Meaning of Truth. New York: Longman, Green & Co., 1911.
http://www.des.emory.edu/mfp/james.html
Mead, George Herbert. "A Pragmatic Theory of Truth." In "Studies in the Nature of Truth" University of California Publications in Philosophy 11 (1929), pp. 65-88. Rpt. in George's Page.
http://spartan.ac.brocku.ca/~lward/Mead/pubs2/papers/Mead_1929a.html
2005-11-03
Abrams, M. H. “Orientation in Critical Theories.” In Twentieth Century Literary Theory. Ed. Vassilis Lambropoulos and David Neal Miller. Albany: State U of New York P, 1987. 3-31.
3. Theory: 1960s, I
Blumer, Herbert. Symbolic Interactionism: Perspective and Method. Berkeley: U of California P, 1986.
Burke, Kenneth. Language as Symbolic Action: Essays on Life, Literature, and Method. Berkeley: U of California P, 1966.
Feyerabend, Paul. Contra el método: Esquema de una teoría anarquista del conocimiento. Barcelona: Ariel, 1975.
4. Theory: 1960s, II
*Foucault, Michel. The Order of Things. London: Routledge, 1997.
Gadamer, H. G. Verdad y método: Fundamentos de una hermenéutica filosófica. Trans. Ana Agud Aparicio and Rafael de Agapito. (Trans. of 4th ed. of Wahrheit und Methode, 1975.). (Hermeneia, 7). Salamanca: Sígueme, 1877. 6th ed. (retitled Verdad y Método I). 1996.
*Kuhn, Thomas S. The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. 1962. 2nd ed. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1970.
5. Theory: 1970s, I
Bakhtin, M. M. “Toward a Methodology for the Human Sciences.” In Bakhtin, Speech Genres and Other Late Essays. Austin: U of Texas P, 1986. 159-72.
Booth, Wayne C. Critical Understanding: The Powers and Limits of Pluralism. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1979.
Jameson, Fredric. “Metacommentary.” PMLA 86 (1971).
*Lakatos, Imre, et al. For and Against Method.
6. Theory: 1970s, II
Foss, Daniel C. “Self and the Revolt against Method.” In Erving Goffman. Ed. Gary Alan Fine and Gregory W. H. Smith. 4 vols. (SAGE Masters in Modern Social Thought). London: SAGE, 2000. 33-48.*
Fish, Stanley E. Is There a Text in this Class? The Authority of Interpretive Communities. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1980.
7. Theory: 1980s, I
Hartman, Geoffrey H. "The State of the Art of Criticism." In The Future of Literary Theory. Ed. Ralph Cohen. New York: Routledge, 1989. 86-101.
Miller, J. Hillis. “The Function of Literary Theory at the Present Time.” In The Future of Literary Theory. Ed. Ralph Cohen. New York: Routledge, 1989. 102-11. Rpt. in Miller, Theory Now and Then. 385-94.
Jauss, Hans-Robert. “Historia Calamitatum et Fortunarum Mearum: A Paradigm Shift in Literary Study.” In The Future of Literary Theory. Ed. Ralph Cohen. New York: Routledge, 1989. 112-28.
García Berrio, Antonio. “Más allá de los ‘ismos’: Sobre la imprescindible globalidad crítica.” In Aullón de Haro, Introducción a la crítica literaria actual. Madrid: Playor. 348-387.
8. Theory: 1980s, II
*Ritzer, George.“Sociological Metatheorizing and a Metatheoretical Schema for Analyzing Sociological Theory.” In Ritzer, Contemporary Sociological Theory. 3rd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1992. 511-35.
Dollimore, Jonathan, and Alan Sinfield, eds. Political Shakespeare: Essays in Cultural Materialism. 2nd ed. (Cornell Paperbacks). Ithaca (NY): Cornell UP, 1994.*
9. Theory: 1990s
Schmidt, S. J. “El constructivismo radical: Un nuevo paradigma en el discurso interdisciplinario." Teoría / Crítica 2 (1995): 37-83.
*Smith, Barbara Herrnstein. Belief & Resistance: Dynamics of Contemporary Intellectual Controversy. Cambridge (MA): Harvard UP, 1997.
2000s
Sell, Roger D. “The Historically Human.” In Sell, Literature as Communication. Amsterdam: Benjamins, 2000. 77-118. (Paradigm shift; Formalism; postmodernism; historical pragmatics).
- - -. "Decency at a Discount? English Studies, Communication, Mediation." European English Messenger 13.2 (2004): 23-34.
*Short, Mick. “Epilogue: Research Questions, Research Paradigms, and Research Methodologies in the Study of Narrative.” In New Perspectives on Narrative Perspective. Ed. Willie van Peer and Seymour Chatman. New York: SUNY Press, 2001. 339-55.
García Landa, José Ángel. "The Hermeneutic Spiral from Schleiermacher to Goffman: Retroactive Thematization, Interaction, and Interpretation." BELL (Belgian English Language and Literature) ns 2 (2004): 155-66.* (Special issue, "The Language/Literature Interface).
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